T&Ts for Planning & Reflection: Episode 12 – Root Cause Analysis: Bowtie Analysis

🔍 Introduction to Bowtie Analysis

Bowtie Analysis is a visual risk assessment and root cause tool that connects potential threats and their preventive controls to a central undesirable event, and then maps consequences and mitigation controls. Shaped like a bowtie, this technique helps in clearly communicating risk pathways and control strategies. It is especially useful in internal audit and project risk management, where understanding both what could cause a failure and how to recover from it is critical for operational resilience.


🧰 Template for Applying Bowtie Analysis

To conduct a Bowtie Analysis in an organizational setting:

  • Step 1 – Identify the Undesirable Event: What is the central risk or failure scenario?

  • Step 2 – List Threats (Left Side): What could cause this event?

  • Step 3 – Map Preventive Controls: What measures exist to stop the threats?

  • Step 4 – List Consequences (Right Side): What would happen if the event occurred?

  • Step 5 – Map Mitigation Controls: What measures minimize the impact?


🏢 Example: ACME Corporation – Delayed Product Launch

At ACME, Internal Auditor Auren, Project Manager Aven, and CEO Liora investigated a project delay that jeopardized a new product launch.

  • Undesirable Event: Launch delay.

  • Threats: Supplier delays, scope creep, resource conflicts.

  • Preventive Controls: Supplier contracts, scope control meetings, resource planning.

  • Consequences: Loss of revenue, reputational damage, market share decline.

  • Mitigation Controls: Communication plan, interim product release, escalation procedures.

Outcome: Auren’s Bowtie Analysis revealed weak preventive controls in resource planning. The team implemented a new project scheduling protocol and escalation path.


Conclusion:
Bowtie Analysis helped ACME connect causes to consequences and ensure a balanced focus on both prevention and recovery. It provided a structured, visual map that empowered leadership to make more informed decisions and strengthen project delivery practices.